Learning Objectives: Language Arts Focus: Analyze/Evaluate Text Structure• Social Studies Content: World History
Social Studies Skill: Synthesize information
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Hunters and Gatherers: The Search for Survival
Thousands of years ago, all humans lived by hunting and gathering rather than growing their own food. The number of hunter and gatherer societies has graduallydiminished. Those societies that remain live in relativelyinaccessible areas, either remote jungles or arctic regions. However, as is often the case, the more such societies are either exterminated or assimilated, the more interest-they attract.
Theories about the place of hunters and gatherers in human history have been contradictory. On the one hand, such groups have been thought to occupy the bottom rung of a social, evolutionary ladder. Others, however, argue that they represent the original affluent or leisure societies. Such theories are far from unimportant. They continue to reflect or inform the actions and policies of states toward hunters and gatherers.
Hunters and gatherers throughout the world live in vastly different areas and have very different cultures. As the articles in this issue demonstrate, they share little more than the brunt of political and economic forces that are destroying their ways of life. Yet, those who study such societies in an attempt to understand more about human origins rarely report the current predicament of such groups.
Question for day 1. L.A.1.7.2.: Authors Purpose
1. The author’s main purpose for writing this article is to
. entertain the readers about gatherers. . inform the readers about hunters and gatherers in the early ages.. explain to the readers about the tools the hunters used to survive.. persuade the readers to hunt and gather food to survive.
| Question for day 2. LA.7.2.2.1: The student will locate, use, and analyze specific information from organizational text features (e.g. table of contents, headings, captions, bold print, italics, glossaries, indices, key/guide words).
2. Analyze the text to determine the antonym of the word diminished.
. to make smaller. to decrease in size. to reduce. to make larger |
Question for day 3. LA.7.1.7.3: The student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level text through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying relevant details
3.What is the main idea of this selection?
. The main idea of the selection describes how Egyptians built the pyramids.. The main idea of the passage explains how people disagreed with each other over hunting for food. . The main idea of the passage describes how humans hunted and gathered food to survive.. The main idea of the passage describes how humans traveled the world in search of food.
| Question Day for 4. LA.7.1.6.3: Use context clues to determine meanings of unfamiliar words.
4.Determine the meaning of the word inaccessible using context clues from the above passage.
. secluded or remote. close or near by. populated. congested |
A Bridge to a New World
Where they may have walked then, there is ocean today. Most likely, they didn’t set out to discover anything. They were just following their next meal as their ancestors had done for centuries. It probably all began innocently enough. Slowly, people started moving east across what is now Asia, traveling in groups of several families. The weather was cold, but thick furs of wolf, caribou, and bear kept them warm. Their clothing was sewn with bone needles and rawhide thread. Their tools were of bone or word or stone. Their spear points were long and sharp. Food was heated by placing it into skin bags with hot stones. Around the fire, they told jokes, sang, and made tools or scraped animal hides. The children played games and cuddled the pups too young to stand guard. The hunting dogs kept watch nearby.
They were a people of the seasons. When winter came, they made camp. In some sunny spot, they built sturdy huts of brush and skins. They ate dried meat, roots, berries, and seeds stored up from the summer. Hopefully there also would be fresh meat. Come spring, flowers bloomed, and bears came out of their dens. The caribou, musk ox, and moose had their calves. There were fresh greens to eat and birds’ eggs to gather. It was time to move on.
Years passed. The people probably followed the wandering herds farther and farther east. One day, they may have crossed over to the land we call Alaska. Most likely, it was not a great event. The people probably just went walking. Today, scientists try to re-create their journey. It’s not easy. The scientists have different theories about whether the first people in the Americas crossed over a land bridge from Asia or came there another way. As we study the bits of bones and fragmentsof huts and belongings these people left behind, we can only imagine their world and the lives they led.
Quiz
1. L.A.1.7.2.: Authors Purpose
The reason the author doesn’t call these people by name is probably because a. the author forgot their name.b. no one knows what they called themselves.c. no one is allowed to say their name.d. the name is too long to print.
| 2. LA.7.2.2.1: The student will locate, use, and analyze specific information from organizational text features (e.g. table of contents, headings, captions, bold print, italics, glossaries, indices, key/guide words).
Analyze the text to determine the synonym of the wordsturdy.
a. too largeb. strongly made or durablec. made to quicklyd. built in a square
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3. LA.7.1.7.3: The student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level text through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying relevant details
What was the main reason the people kept dogs?
a. The dogs were great pets.b. The dogs wake them up in the morning.c. The people used the dogs for hunting and protection.d. The people used them to carry their children. |
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